Five failure modes that survive constrained decoding, and why your schema validator will never catch them.

The post Your JSON Is Valid but Your Data Is Wrong: Five Failure Modes LLM Structured Outputs Won't Catch appeared first on Towards Data Science.

The hidden assumptions behind the data we observe.

The post What We Miss About Missing Values appeared first on Towards Data Science.

More informed decision-making through uncertainty quantification

The post Beyond Point Predictions: A Practical Introduction to Bayesian Neural Networks appeared first on Towards Data Science.

What each one solves, and runnable code you can paste into a notebook.

The post 5 AI Skills That Will Keep Data Scientists Relevant in 2027 appeared first on Towards Data Science.

What I learned after thinking more carefully about Structured Outputs on messy, incomplete data

The post Your LLM Can Return Perfect JSON and Still Be Wrong appeared first on Towards Data Science.

Enterprise Document Intelligence [Vol.1 #B2] - The FAQ inverts every brick of the standard RAG pipeline. Parsing is trivial, retrieval doubles as a cache, and few-shot prompting becomes a retrieval problem too

The post FAQ as RAG: When You Get to Design the Corpus appeared first on Towards Data Science.

A framework for building RAG pipelines that introduces complexity in response to observed failure modes, from lexical and hybrid search to reranking and agentic information seeking

The post Why RAG Complexity Should Be Earned appeared first on Towards Data Science.

The five MLOps monitoring assumptions agents break, and which inherited signals now pass failed runs as healthy.

The post AgentOps Is Not MLOps: What Breaks in Your Monitoring Stack When Agents Go to Production appeared first on Towards Data Science.

Quick and simple tips to help you write better agent instructions

The post 8 Tips for Writing Effective Agent Instructions appeared first on Towards Data Science.

How to apply the latest context engineering guidelines to your day-to-day data science work

The post Context Engineering Is Changing. Here’s What It Means for Data Scientists appeared first on Towards Data Science.

Enterprise Document Intelligence [Vol.1 #B1] - Three sources of one problem. User typos, fast-typing transcription noise, OCR character errors. Classical spell-check handles one of them. Embeddings carry the rest

The post Noisy Text in RAG: Typos, OCR, and the Gap Classical Spell-Check Leaves appeared first on Towards Data Science.

Four skills worth adding to your workflow today if you don't want to be left behind

The post 4 Claude Skills Every Data Scientist Needs in 2026 appeared first on Towards Data Science.

Learn where which coding agent is best

The post When to Use Claude Code and When to Use Codex appeared first on Towards Data Science.

Enterprise Document Intelligence [Vol.1 #B00] - Retrieval answers one kind of question. Classifying a request, matching free text to a reference list, reading a table, cleaning OCR noise: each has a cheaper method that works, and the engineering is knowing which one to reach for

The post RAG Is Not the Whole Toolkit: The NLP Techniques Real Problems Still Need appeared first on Towards Data Science.

How we stopped reviewing every agent action and started routing human attention where it actually mattered

The post Human-in-the-Loop Without Killing Throughput appeared first on Towards Data Science.

A hands-on guide to defining specialist agents and coordinating their work in the Codex CLI

The post From One Agent to a Team: Understanding Codex Subagents appeared first on Towards Data Science.

How to run the backend locally with Docker or in the cloud

The post Connecting My LangGraph AI Agent to Postgres appeared first on Towards Data Science.

Be a better communicator with LLM programming

The post Why Claude Code Time Estimates Are Poor appeared first on Towards Data Science.

We use the equation all the time. But where did it actually come from?

The post The Sigmoid Function: From 'e' to Neural Networks appeared first on Towards Data Science.

What a final-year project taught me about the gap between evaluation metrics and production decisions

The post I Trained Six Models for Fraud Detection, and the Best One Isn't in Production appeared first on Towards Data Science.