What began as discrete AI model training and human-facing chat interfaces has evolved into always-on AI factories dedicated to producing intelligence at scale....

What began as discrete AI model training and human-facing chat interfaces has evolved into always-on AI factories dedicated to producing intelligence at scale. These factories are now tasked with powering agentic workflows that reason, plan, use tools, verify intermediate results, and execute complex multistep tasks across vast contexts. Agentic workloads are not defined by a single prompt…

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Frontier model pre-training has converged on mixture of experts (MoE), which is fundamentally changing what limits large-scale AI training. As compute per token...

Frontier model pre-training has converged on mixture of experts (MoE), which is fundamentally changing what limits large-scale AI training. As compute per token falls, communication increasingly determines how efficiently models scale across thousands of GPUs. NVIDIA GB300 NVL72 set a world record for pre-training DeepSeek-V3 671B at 1,648 TFLOPs per GPU, showing how advances across the entire AI…

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Agentic AI shifts more of the critical execution path onto the CPU. Agents operate in sandboxes to execute code, invoke tools, retrieve context, interact with...

Agentic AI shifts more of the critical execution path onto the CPU. Agents operate in sandboxes to execute code, invoke tools, retrieve context, interact with databases, and analyze results before returning information to the model. As these loops run concurrently across an AI factory, CPU performance increasingly shapes both per-agent responsiveness and overall factory throughput.

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